Emerging contaminants, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), are becoming an
increasing concern in water quality testing. PFAS are a group of man-made chemicals that have
been widely used in industrial processes, firefighting foam, nonstick cookware, and water resistant products. These chemicals are highly persistent in the environment, earning them the
nickname “forever chemicals,” as they do not break down easily over time. PFAS have been
detected in drinking water supplies worldwide, and their presence has raised significant public
health concerns.
The primary health risks associated with PFAS exposure include developmental issues, immune
system suppression, liver damage, and an increased risk of certain cancers. Even at low
concentrations, PFAS can accumulate in the human body and persist for years. Because these
substances do not degrade naturally, they can spread through groundwater and surface water,
contaminating drinking water supplies and posing a long-term threat to public health. As a result,
many regulatory agencies, including the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), have
begun to set guidelines and limits for PFAS levels in drinking water.
Testing for PFAS in water is a critical step in identifying contamination and mitigating health
risks. Unlike traditional water contaminants, PFAS are not easily removed by standard filtration
methods such as activated carbon or reverse osmosis. Specialized techniques, such as high resolution mass spectrometry, are required to detect and measure the concentration of these
chemicals in water. Once detected, treatment methods such as advanced filtration systems,
including granulated activated carbon or ion-exchange resins, may be employed to remove PFAS
from drinking water.
The growing awareness of PFAS contamination has led to increased research into new treatment
technologies and more stringent regulations. Many municipalities and water suppliers are
investing in PFAS testing and treatment to ensure the safety of drinking water for their
communities. As more research emerges about the health effects of PFAS and other emerging
contaminants, it is likely that water quality testing standards will continue to evolve, with a
greater emphasis on identifying and removing these harmful substances
